Sewer Line Dig Unearths Controversy

By Kelley Granger, Staff Writer

Excavation for a new sewer line on historic Huguenot Street has yielded significant archeological finds and has exposed a New Paltz historical controversy.

The discoveries include human remains, which are thought to be American Indian, and evidence of an American Indian longhouse, according to Eric Roth, director of the Huguenot Historical Society. Amateur historian Raymundo Rodriguez-Jackson said the society has been neglecting what is becoming very apparent: the presence and history of American Indians in the area, and that the society is using improper terminology to refer to them.

Roth said that all relevant state agencies, such as the Department of Environmental Conservation and several tribal nations who may have had claim in the area were called in to meet with the society to determine if excavation could continue after finding the remains. “We went out of our way to be as inclusive as possible,” Roth said.

All agencies and tribal nations agreed that “with proper monitoring and protection of the burial, the sewer line could go forward,” Roth said. “We’re doing everything possible in accordance with federal law and tribal wishes.”

Rodriguez-Jackson said that his dispute is with the cover up of the existence of American Indian occupation of the area. “They woke up…and there was a longhouse in their backyard,” Rodriguez-Jackson said of the society.

Rodriguez-Jackson said that Roth denied the existence of American Indians on Huguenot Street, but Roth said the society has been well aware of it. He said the SUNY New Paltz Archeological Field School has been uncovering artifacts for 10 years, but that it takes long periods of time for them to evaluate and catalog their finds. “My understanding is that the field school is only offered as a summer course designed to give students a well-rounded understanding of archeological methods, making long-term and intensive work difficult to complete,” Roth said. It’s taking more time to present information “because we want to be so thorough.”

The society is planning an exhibit for 2009 which will display research and American Indian archeological finds. Roth said the society has already held a conference on African-American history, hosted a lecture by Lenape and Delaware Indians Scholar Dr. David Oestreicher and included American Indian history in the society’s Stone House Day event as “a genuine attempt to show respect to that community.” The society has asked Oestreicher to be a consultant on the 2009 project.

Rodriguez-Jackson questions why it will take until 2009 to give the public this information. “Washing off a few rocks and putting them in a display case in 2009 isn’ t going to cut it,” Rodriguez-Jackson said. “If it’s 3,000 to 5,000 years old, it blows a hole in the bottom of New Paltz…in a good way,” he said, adding that this much history can only be good for the society as it will raise interest and draw funds to support projects.

Victoria Hughes, curator of education for the society, immediately acknowledged American Indian presence in her narration of the history of the area.

“Through archeology we know the Esopus had lived in this area right here,” she said. Her narration includes significant events, like the European and Esopus Indian deed signing, how the Esopus were affected by European disease, what the Esopus were traded for their land and what rights they supposedly retained to it.

The narration did not include any historical information of the Esopus before European arrival. The society said that Rodriguez-Jackson’s wish for a more integrated program is something that they’re working toward as they revise materials and train tour guides. Rodriguez-Jackson thinks the society is threatened by having another history on site.

“I think they want to keep this history of theirs buffered and protected, and I understand that,” he said. “But it’s not fair to everyone else.”

Rodriguez-Jackson has also criticized the society for improper terminology associated with American Indians which generalize the Warranawankong and Waroaneck tribes as Lenape and Esopus. “I think he’s misplacing the blame,” Roth says. “A lot of what he’s arguing about is simplification over centuries.”

Rodriguez-Jackson has an issue with the term Esopus, which the society and documentation belonging to the Europeans uses to identify the American Indians of the Esopus region. It was the Dutch who first used Esopus for ease in place of the tribal names. He also disputes use of the term Lenape, which he claims the society uses inaccurately.

"All credible research on local American Indian history claims that the Waroaneck and Warranawankong tribes spoke a Munsee dialect of the Lenape or Delaware tongue, one of the Algonquian family of languages,” Roth said. “I believe that Mr. Rodriguez disputes this last point, but I have seen no serious research that suggests that this is not the case.”

Rodriguez-Jackson agreed with Roth that the issue is an academic debate but believes the society shouldn’t be promoting its use. “If this product is defective and you’re selling it, you’re responsible, too,” he says of the terminology.

In spite of the controversy, Rodriguez-Jackson said the society has been slowly moving in the right direction.

“I thank director Roth for having the academic standards to be able to embrace new truths,” Rodriguez-Jackson said. “It’s not personal. It’s an academic chess game about truth of our heritage.”

E-mail Kelley at Kelley

Special thanks to Bear Warrior for the lead.

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April 2007 Reports

Last updated on April 16, 2007