As with Cherokee and Civil War history

words wage a lasting battle

Visiting our past by Rob Neufeld
published January 14, 2006 6:00 am

`As a child, I had heard stories from my aunts about Cherokee women who had such a need to write that they penciled poetry on weathered kitchen walls … or stitched `little stories' together and stashed them away in trunks and attics," Virginia Moore Carney writes in "Eastern Band Cherokee Women: Cultural Persistence in Their Letters and Speeches."

History — not the doing of it but the remembering of it — is as natural and urgent a need as procreation. It procreates identity.

Lydia Lowery, a 15-year-old Cherokee, had been sent to the Brainerd Mission east of Chattanooga in 1818 as "a candidate for baptism." One day, she was walking beside a stream, reciting, "He leadeth me beside the still waters," when she decided to take a nap. In a dream, she saw and heard a gathering of Cherokee people chanting a hymn that a spirit was teaching them.

"God and I are friends," the hymn began, adopting a familial relationship. "Though all the world be against me, I will still be confident," it continued, anticipating the forced removal of her people. Lowery has made the history books, credited with writing the first Cherokee hymn. Under intense acculturation, she'd found a way to perpetuate a trace of her heritage through an accepted form.

In contemporary Cherokee performances of gospel music, Sharlotte Neely points out in her book, "Snowbird Cherokees: People of Persistence," Cherokee invite non-Indian singing groups to their Graham County event "Trail of Tears Singing." The Snowbird singers perform last, singing in their native language, making a harmony.

Words are powerful, the Cherokee believe. Written down, they can be disastrous.

The forced removal that Lydia Lowery witnessed had not been part of the infamous Trail of Tears but of an earlier event — the Treaty of Tellico, a ceding of Cherokee land in the Great Smoky Mountains six years after Cherokee warriors had saved Gen. Andrew Jackson in his campaign against the Creek Indians.

One of the Cherokee soldiers — Yonaguska — had been allowed to stay in Western North Carolina and establish near Bryson City a village that later became known as Oconaluftee or Quallatown. William Holland Thomas, a Waynesville merchant, befriended Yonaguska, learned the Cherokee language, bought land for the Cherokee, and eventually became Quallatown's executor.

Thomas' role in persuading Cherokee leader Tsali to surrender during the Trail of Tears, guaranteeing Quallatown's survival, has been dramatized in the Cherokee outdoor drama, "Unto These Hills," now being rewritten. Less well-known is Thomas' fate after the Civil War, during which he led a Cherokee Confederate legion.

Having used Quallatown as collateral in business loans, Noel Fisher writes in his new book, "The Civil War in the Smokies," Thomas was forced to repay his creditor, William Johnston of Asheville, with the Eastern Band's homeland. The federal government stepped in and awarded the Quallatown Cherokee 50,000 acres of their holdings.

The legal entanglements that followed required much historical interpretation.

Rob Neufeld writes the local history feature, "Visiting Our Past," for the Citizen-Times, and may be reached at 768-2665 or Rob Neufeld

CIVIL WAR TRUTH

Local Civil War historian Jeff Lovelace and military historian Peter Lorenz will attempt to resolve a debate about what really took place at the 1865 Battle of Asheville at a presentation at Pack Memorial Library today, noon to 4 p.m. Lorenz will debut his model of the battle in progress. Call 250-4700.

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January 2006 Reports

Last updated on January 24, 2006